3.3.3不合搭配规则词语搭配明显不当，如:
误1 He drank the bread.他喝面包。
反过来，我们也可以用不合搭配的理论来解题。如:
Some people insist on finding fault with the results of other people's work,without ever a constructive contribution to their efforts.有些人总是挑别人工作的刺，而从不做出有建设性的建议。
A) making B) doing C) getting D) taking从contribution可以看出，这里需要一个与它连用的词，根据英语知识，此处应填making，因为人们总说make a contribution.
3.3.4语法搭配语法搭配指的是一个占主要地位的词(名词、形容词、动词)和一个介词或其他语法结构(如不定式或从句)所组成的短语。在教学时建议学生注意并牢记这些搭配。
A.名词+介词如:a chance against(胜过……，的机会)an approach to(…的解决方法)a limit to(…限制)a right to(有权做…)confidence in(对…有信心)ability of(…的能力)contribution to(对…做贡献)等B.名词++to+不定式如:the ability to reason(说理能力)a compulsion to do sth.(做.……的冲动)a decision to do sth.(做，二的决定)等C.名词+that+从句如:There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful,(大家都知道吸烟有害)In our fears that science was a monster that would one day destroy us, weforgot that science was not the monster; we were the monster.(在我们害怕科学是个会摧毁我们的怪物的时候，我们忘记了科学并不是怪物，而我们是。)等D.介词+名词如:in advance(事先)above reproach(无可非议)in addition(除此之外)in short(简言之)in contrast(与…对比)to a degree(在一定程度上)for example(例如)in a bad mood(情绪很糟)at work(上班)at random(随机)in detail(详细)under arrest(被逮捕)at dawn(黎明时分)等E.形容词+介词如:be adept at(m)(擅长……的)be confident in(对……充满信心)be sick of(厌恶)related to(与…有关)be apt to(常会，容易有某种倾向)be subject to(受到)等E动词+介词如:to work against the clock(争分夺秒地工作)regard ... as...(把…当作)pick up(学会)give way to(让步于…)dwell on(思考)live up to(不辜负…希望)set aside(储蓄)believe in(信仰)adjust to(适应)run for(竞选)resort to(求助)call off(取消)inquire into(调查)stand for(代表)等G.动词+名词如:catch one's breath(屏住呼吸)take the steps to do sth.(采取措施做…)commit a crime(犯罪)commit suicide(自杀)commit a murder(谋杀)等H.动词+非谓语动词动词是句子的心脏，而非限定动词作宾语又是语法教学中的重中之重，现将通常只接不定式做宾语和通常只接·ing形式作宾语的动词列出，供英语学习者参考。 www.dxs89.com
只接不定式作宾语的动词通常有:
afford, agree, aim, apply, arrange, appear, attempt, beg, bother, care, claim,choose，clamor, conclude, contract, contrive, consent, dare，decide, deign,demand，desire, determine, die, elect, engage, essay, expect, endeavor, fail，fix, guarantee，hope, hasten, hesitate，itch，incline, long, learn, manage,offer, plan, pledge, plot, prepare, proceed, presume, pretend, promise, profess,purport, propose, pant, pine, refuse, request, resolve, seem, seek, set, settle,swear, strive, scheme, tend, think, threaten, thirst, trouble, undertake, unite,venture, volunteer, vow, wish, want, yearno通常跟一lng作宾语的动词有:
acknowledge, admit, adore, admire, advocate, allow, anticipate, appreciate,avoid, await, bar, complete, confess，consider, contemplate，defend, defer,delay, deny, detest, discuss, dispute, dread, discourage, doubt, discontinue，entail，endanger, encourage, enjoy，ensure, escape, face, facilitate，fancy,favor, finish, forbid，forgive, funk，foresee, grudge, hinder, imagine, include,involve，impede, justify，keep，mention, mind, miss, overlook, pardon, permit,postpone, practice, prevent, prohibit, quit, recall，recollect, relish，renounce .repent,report, resist, resume，risk, recommend，save, suggest, tolerate，understand,warrant3.3.5词义搭配词义搭配指名词、形容词、动词和副词之间的搭配，搭配中不涉及介词、不定式或从句。词义搭配有以下几种:
A.名词+名词calf love早恋ceiling price最高限价stage fright」法场draught beer扎啤shoe polish鞋油relief fund贩款dust jacket包书纸baby doctor小儿科医生whiz kid神童student teacher实习老师house arrest软禁vanity surgery美容术B.动词+名词以Kill为例:kill the joy扫兴kill a bill否决1个议案kill the time消磨时光kill the flower把花浇死kill the chance葬送机会kill a newspaper story将一则新闻搁置不用再如 embrace: embrace the opportunity抓住机会embrace the offer欣然接受建议embrace other academic disciplines包括其他学科embrace communism信仰共产主义embrace a new profession开始从事1项新职业C.形容词十名词common enemies共同的敌人mutual friends共同的朋友addled egg臭蛋putrid fish臭鱼rancid bacon臭熏肉pornographic pictures黄色电影filthy books黄色书刊vulgar music黄色音乐crash course速成课instant coffee速溶咖啡deep forest森林深处profound learning深奥的学问strong tea浓茶dense smoke浓烟， thick soap浓汤paramount leader最高领导人supreme court最高法院D.动词+副词N 1 In writing the essay he drew heavily on the encyclopedia. www.dxs89.com
为写这篇文章，他从百科全书中搜集了大量材料。
例2 The ploughman sweated profusely.
犁田的人大汗淋漓。
例3 He smiled faintly.
他淡然一笑。
例4 He argued vigorously for the bill二他拼命地为这项议案辩护。
例5 Our class advisor criticized him roundly.
我们的班主任严厉地批评了他。
例6 He refused my invitation flatly.
他断然拒绝我的邀请。
E.副词+形容词副词十形容词的搭配，主要是一些对被修饰的语意加以强调的程度副词。
英语中使用频率很高的强化副词分别是“very", "extremely", "completely",”
exceedingly"。相当于汉语中的“非常”、“十分”、“很”、“极其”，除了这4个词之外，在浩瀚的英语词汇王国里，还有许许多多可以代替它们的词汇，这些词汇一般只用于表示感情色彩，已失去原有的词汇意义。
例1 If the readers expected the usual glowing travelogue, they would besorely surprised.
如果读者这里期待的是通常对旅行所进行的热情描写，那么他们将会感到非常的.惊讶。
例2 This girl is vastly pretty.这女孩非常漂亮。
例3 He is a dreadfully good man他是一个非常好的人。
例4 She is breathtakingly beautiful.她长得美极了。
例5 They are fearfully talented people.他们是才气横溢之辈。
例6 Pork is hideously expensive now.猪肉现在贵得惊人。
F比喻性度量词组+名词a flood of literature大量文献a sea of debt大量债务a wealth of synonyms大量的同义词an avalanche of letters大量信件a mountain of cares大量的烦恼a heap of time大量的时间an arsenal of pistols大量的手枪3.3.6破格搭配破格搭配指的是:人们为了达到一定的修辞目的，有意冲破搭配限制，创造出新的、非惯常的搭配关系。但读者和听者仍然可以理解它们的意思，因而这种搭配是有意义的。有些作者为了表达特殊的文风，往往会使用一些常人所不用的违背常规的搭配，这类用法超出人们的心理预期，此时便可能会取得特殊的文体效果。运用恰当可使语句产生特殊的修辞效果。例如:
"At noon, Mrs. Turpin would get out of bed and humor, put on kimono，airs andthe water to boil for coffee."在这一例句中同时运用了两个破格搭配，使该句取得了很好的修辞效果: www.dxs89.com
get out of bed为正常搭配，而get out of humor(心情不佳)为不正常措配;puton kimono(穿上和服)和put on airs(摆架子)为正常搭配，而put on water则违反逻辑，为不正常搭配。又例:
He couldn't pull it. Both were naked. Two naked men. Stripped of clothes.
Stripped of names. Stripped of nationality. Stripped of their khakied selves.他不能扣动扳机，两人都赤身****，两个****的人一一剥去了衣服，剥去了姓名，剥去了国籍，剥去了他们着黄咔叽布军服的本性。
顺着stripped of clothes一直往下说，后面的stripped of names, stripped ofnationality, stripped of their khakied selves就是一连三个破格搭配用法，虽说搭配不正常，但是从前面的stripped of clothes连下来的表达，这种搭配使用别具一格，因而另具新义，使人觉得新颖。
成语every inch of a gentleman也曾被人换说成every other inch of agentleman(不完全是个君子)。莎士比亚也曾改用成语，将a horse of the samecolor换说成a horse of another color(完全是另外一回事)。又如:
例1 The sergeant major barked out the order.军士长吼出了命令。
例1句中动词“bark”常用于狼、狗等动物的叫声，一般不用于人，但在此处bark一词却表现出sergeant major(军士长)凶狠、粗鲁的形象。
，大学英语毕业论文